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991.
Since the late 1970s, the dynamic range and resolution of strong motion digital recorders have leaped from 65 to 135 dB, opening new possibilities for advanced data processing and interpretation. One of these new possibilities is the calculation of permanent displacement of the ground or of structures, associated with faulting or with non-linear response. Proposals on how permanent displacements could be recovered from recorded strong motion have been published since 1976. The analysis in this paper concludes that permanent displacements of the ground and of structures in the near-field can be calculated provided all six components of strong motion (three translations and three rotations) have been recorded, and the records are corrected for transducer rotation, misalignment and cross-axis sensitivity. 相似文献
992.
Evolution of accelerographs, data processing, strong motion arrays and amplitude and spatial resolution in recording strong earthquake motion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents a review of the advances in strong motion recording since the early 1930s, based mostly on the experiences in the United States. A particular emphasis is placed on the amplitude and spatial resolution of recording, which both must be ‘adequate’ to capture the nature of strong earthquake ground motion and response of structures. The first strong motion accelerographs had optical recording system, dynamic range of about 50 dB and useful life longer than 30 years. Digital strong motion accelerographs started to become available in the late 1970s. Their dynamic range has been increasing progressively, and at present is about 135 dB. Most models have had useful life shorter than 5–10 years. One benefit from a high dynamic range is early trigger and anticipated ability to compute permanent displacements. Another benefit is higher sensitivity and hence a possibility to record smaller amplitude motions (aftershocks, smaller local earthquakes and distant large earthquakes), which would augment significantly the strong motion databases. The present trend of upgrading existing and adding new stations with high dynamic range accelerographs has lead to deployment of relatively small number of new stations (the new high dynamic range digital instruments are 2–3 times more expensive than the old analog instruments or new digital instruments with dynamic range of 60 dB or less). Consequently, the spatial resolution of recording, both of ground motion and structural response, has increased only slowly during the past 20 years, by at most a factor of two. A major (and necessary) future increase in the spatial resolution of recording will require orders of magnitude larger funding, for purchase of new instruments, their maintenance, and for data retrieval, processing, management and dissemination. This will become possible only with an order of magnitude cheaper and ‘maintenance-free’ strong motion accelerographs. In view of the rapid growth of computer technology this does not seem to be (and should not be) out of our reach. 相似文献
993.
IntroductionThe research on stress field interior the Earth is an either relative old or young branch of geoscience. Early in the 20th century, in order to learn the state of inner stress field, a few scholars had used simple ideal model to analyze big scale tectonic conformations and activities according to tide, gravity, rotation and inner thermal materials. So far, lots of problems on the state of the Earth stress field have not been solved completely yet. The origin of stress field, the d… 相似文献
994.
General characteristics of the recent horizontal crustal movement in Chinese mainland 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
1 Introduction of GPS observation dataThe Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is a major scientific project in China organized by China Seismological Bureau and paticipated by the Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of the General Staff, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping. Based on the observation data of 25 fiducial stations and 56 basic stations in CMONOC (Figure 1 and Table 1), collected from August 26 to September… 相似文献
995.
Pull-apart Basins and the Total Lateral Displacement Along the Haiyuan Fault Zone in Cenozoic 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
INTRODUCTIONItisdebatedaboutthetotallateraldisplacementalongthemainboundaryfaultsofintraplateblocksineasternAsiacontinentinCenozoicera .Inthe 1 970sof2 0thcentury ,somescientistshades timatedlateraldisplacementbasedongeomorphicdata .Theyproposedthatthetotald… 相似文献
996.
利用GEOSAT/ERM卫星测高数据计算中国近海海平面 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
本文利用一年(1986年11月8日~1987年11月17日)22个ERM周期的GEOSAT卫星测高数据计算出中国近海海域(105°~135°E,0°~40°N)相对于GRS80参考椭球面的1°×1°年平均海平面。该海平面我们称之为IGGMSS95平均海平面。在数据处理过程中,由于采用了混合轨道误差模型及交叠平差技术,极大地消除了在误差中占主要成分的径向轨道误差影响,使得IGGMSS95平均海平面的总体精度达到±20~30cm(RMS)水平。与OSU91A重力大地水准面模型相比较可以发现两者具有惊人的一致性。 相似文献
997.
青藏高原OLR的气候特征及其对北半球大气环流的影响 总被引:3,自引:5,他引:3
利用1974-1990年青藏高原地区地-气系统月平均射出长波辐射资料,采用EOF方法分析了前3个特征向量场,得到了青藏高原地区地-气系统射出长波辐射的几种异常形式,阐述了它们的天气气候特征,并对不同气候区的持续 及其与北半球大气环流的关系作了研究。 相似文献
998.
1981和1982年夏半年高原地区低频振荡与南亚高压活动 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用1981和1982年5—9月欧洲中期数值预报中心(ECMWF)的100hPa高度场客观分析资料,分析了四川盆地典型的“西涝东旱”年(1981年)、“西旱东涝”年(1982年)5—9月青藏高原地区大气低频振荡特征及其与南亚高压活动的关系。结果表明:青藏高原地区大气低频振荡是显著的,南亚高压活动与此密切相关;1981和1982年南亚高压活动的低频振荡特征具有明显差异,东西方向基本上呈反位相变化;这些事实对于认识四川盆地夏季旱涝异常有一定意义 相似文献
999.
该文利用1995年6月中旬至7月初GMS-5水汽图象,对青藏高原地区对流层上部水汽分布进行了初步分析.发现高原地区对流层上部水汽的汇集主要通过以下4种方式进行:①水汽从高原东南方的雅鲁藏布江河谷等地进入高原,是主要路径;②从西南方越过喜马拉雅山进入高原;③从帕米尔及其以北地区漂过塔里木盆地后进入高原;④对流活动可以引起水汽在高原上空积聚.从多时相平均水汽图象上反映出高原上西北干、东南湿的水汽分布特征,并初步讨论了水汽图象所揭示的在高原生成的系统对我国东部天气的影响. 相似文献
1000.
Geometrical textures of faults,evolution of physical field and instability characteristics 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Geometricaltexturesoffaults,evolutionofphysicalfieldandinstabilitycharacteristicsJINMA(马瑾),SHENG-LIMA(马胜利),LI-QIANGLIU(刘力强),Z... 相似文献